Word Essay free essay sample

My statement is really an expression, my expression is â€Å"sense of diversion. We will compose a custom exposition test on Word Essay or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † Sense of silliness has a couple of various implications I think. The word reference definition for it is; the characteristic of acknowledging and having the option to communicate the funny. It intends to have the option to acknowledge, comprehend, and make your own diverting things. Understanding mockery in talking, entertaining activities, and getting plays on words, and so forth are a few instances of things you need a comical inclination to comprehend. People’s comical inclination are not as a rule the equivalent. Your assessments and considerations make your comical inclination so it relies upon your character. So there isn’t a particular, definite comical inclination that you simply have or don’t have. I think everybody has a comical inclination regardless of whether they don’t comprehend or acknowledge somebody else’s humor, they have their own with various things that interest them. As I would see it the most significant trademark that an individual ought to must be effective in life is a decent comical inclination. One may be smart, fair and kind yet when all turns out badly the most ideal approach to handle with challenges is drawing nearer to them hopefully. Particularly talking regarding character to coexist with others or to break the ice or to become friends with another companion or any sort of thing like that. In the first place, the entire existing on the planet is where actually regularly you are on the more vulnerable side. You can lose your employment following quite a while of attempting to accomplish proficient affirmation regardless of whether you think you’re filling in as hard as could reasonably be expected or you could fall flat at a test before you even got that far. The significant thing is never to surrender and not to take everything individual. Individuals who figure out how to defeat the being sad inclination and get back on to buckling down are the ones who succeed. Likewise, who doesn’t like individuals that can keep you speculating and snickering? It’s consistently enjoyable to associate with somebody that is diverting. In the event that you can entertain your companions, they will consistently be pleased to invest their energy with you which is an individual accomplishment I think. Something else is that correspondence with others will be much progressively familiar. You become increasingly alluring and  to partners and companions and you help to ease distressing circumstances and help other people to be less pushed. Not referencing that one of the key minutes in an affection relationship is making your accomplice giggle too. Many individuals may state or believe that these sort of individuals can't approach satisfactorily to a significant circumstance or emergency and don't have a sensible picture of life. However, I feel that the individuals who guarantee this ought to separate acting recklessly between acting serenely. Stressing a lot of will just purpose you a cerebral pain and you will battle more until finding the best arrangement. Having a decent comical inclination for the most part would help shield somebody from pushing too rapidly or when it won’t benefit them in any way. It’s a demonstrated actuality that freezing in a predicament isn't as useful or effective as taking on the issue tranquilly in light of the fact that you can thoroughly consider things all the more completely. These sort of individuals would as a rule be best arranged for such circumstances. I truly believe that the comical inclination is the most significant trademark one ought to have so as to be fruitful, perhaps not generally business astute however for your own life without a doubt. A statement to help that is this; When life gives you lemons, wind a portion of the strip into a martini.

Learning Theorists

Learning Theories People have been attempting to comprehend the learning procedure for more than 2000 years. It was talked about and bantered at extraordinary length by the Greek logicians, for example, Socrates (469 †399 SC), Plato (427 †347 BC) and Unsettle (384 †322 BC) (Hammond et al, 2001 This discussion has carried on through the ages and still goes on today with a large number of perspectives on the motivation behind training and how best to urge figuring out how to eventuate.Plato and his supporter Aristotle were Inaugural In this discussion and inquired as to whether truth and information were to be found within us, or whether they could be gained from outside by utilizing our faculties. Plato accepted reality would be found from inside through thinking, conclusion and self-reflection thus realized logic. Then again Aristotle accepted reality would be found through understanding and established the possibility of observation thus these contradictory perspectiv es were born.Aristotle approach was undeniably progressively logical contrasted with Socrates' argument strategy for disclosure through discussions with individual residents. A methodology that calls for conversation and reflection, as devices for creating suspecting, owe such to Socrates and Plato (Hammond et al, 2001 Learning hypothesis Is tied in with learning as a procedure and how it might occur. It is about how data can be ingested, prepared and held and the impact that feelings, condition and mental procedures can have on procuring, enlarging and altering information and skills.Having information on learning hypothesis prepares instructors to all the more likely comprehend the countless classifications of students they will experience and the various methodologies they can utilize to make a successful learning condition. In spite of the fact that the Greek scholars are viewed as probably the soonest masterminds on learning, it as not until the mid 1 ass' when brain research d eveloped as a different order that any new learning speculations emerged.The first of these was behaviorism, which was brought to noticeable quality by Ivan Pavlov (1849 †1936) who won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for his analyses on stomach related organs for which he tried different things with hounds. Behaviorism are of the sentiment that students are uninvolved and react to improvements and don't consider inward mental states or cognizance. Gestalts came to unmistakable quality In Germany in 1910 when there was social unrest in Europe yet had moved to the US by the backtalk's to maintain a strategic distance from persecution.The lead figures In this development were Worthwhile, Kafka and Koehler who utilities a comprehensive methodology that looked to dismiss the robotic points of view of the behaviorist's. Viewed as the primary instructive clinician, Edward Thornier proceeded with the behaviorism hypothesis thinking learning was gradual and accomplished through an experimentati on approach with B. F. Skinner, considered by numerous individuals to be the dad of current behaviorism, building up this hypothesis further with modified learning (Seaworthy et al, 2004).Behaviorism learning hypothesis had a significant impact in instruction yet here was a developing group of proof that increasingly perplexing errands requiring a more elevated level of reasoning were not all around took thusly with Jean Pigged (1 896 ? 1 980) being the first to express that learning was a formative psychological procedure. Russian instructor Level Boycotts extended Piglet's formative hypothesis of intellectual capacities to were the two chiefs in the subjective methodology that considers the to be as a â€Å"black box† and this container ought to be opened and understood.This worldview didn't generally come to conspicuousness until the early backtalk's the point at which it supplanted behaviorism as the prevailing power (Anon ND). In the backtalk's we likewise observed the d evelopment of Humanist learning hypothesis. A portion of the transcendent backers of this field were Abraham Moscow (1908 †1970) and Carl Rogers (1902 †1987) who accepted that learning was seen as an individual demonstration to satisfy one's latent capacity and that it is likewise important to consider the individual all in all. Humanists were the first to advance learning as being understudy focused and customized and that you ought not educate, yet encourage, the student (Anon ND).The backtalk's saw the development of social learning hypothesis with its key begetter being Albert Bandeau (1925 †Present). It sets that we learn through perception, impersonation and demonstrating and this hypothesis is regularly observed as the extension among behaviorism and cosmogonist. In spite of the fact that the work that enlightens it traverses the twentieth century, Constructivism was just mainstreamed through training in the last piece of the century. A large number of the scho lars that are drawn upon are connected with other learning philosophies; these scholars incorporate Weights, Lave and Winger, Burner and Pigged.This hypothesis places that learning is a functioning valuable procedure where the student makes their own abstract portrayals of target reality. They don't tag along as a clear record (Seaworthy, 2004) but instead bring along their past encounters and social point of view. The main scholar I am going to take a gander at is Abraham Moscow who was a noticeable Humanist. Right off the bat in his profession he worked with rhesus monkeys and one of the intriguing things he saw was the way that a few needs outweighed others.For model, in the event that you were ravenous and parched you would will in general arrangement with the thirst first, as you can abandon nourishment for a considerable length of time yet thirst will kill you after Just days. Moscow felt that the molding speculations didn't, to is fulfillment, catch the complexities of human conduct and was of the feeling that human activities were headed toward objective achievement. He expressed that human inspiration depends on individuals looking for satisfaction and change through self-improvement (Anon ND). In 1943 Moscow composed a paper entitled â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation† which discussed self-actualization.Moscow depicted an individual who was satisfied and doing all they were equipped for as acting naturally realities. Before an individual can accomplish this state in any case, there are different requirements that first should be met. These necessities can be found in Mascots progressive system, this is frequently delineated as a pyramid as appeared (Moscow,1943). This chain of importance demonstrates that the fundamental physiological needs must be met before the higher needs can be tended to. On the off chance that the physiological needs are generally all around delighted, at that point there develops another arrangement of necessities, for this situation safety.When a people physiological and wellbeing needs are fulfilled the requirement for affection and belongingness rises. This procedure proceeds until all the requirements are satisfied and the individual can accomplish self-completion. Note that Mascots unique five phase del has been adjusted by different analysts to make both seven and eight phase chains of importance however I am managing Moscow so won't go any further in to them. His needs †air, food, drink, cover, warmth, sex, rest and so forth. Wellbeing needs †insurance from components, security, request, law, limits, strength, and so forth : belongingness and love needs †work gathering, family, friendship, connections, and so on. : regard needs †confidence, accomplishment, authority, freedom, status, strength, glory, administrative duty, and so forth : self-completion needs †acknowledging individual potential, self-satisfaction, looking for self-awareness and pinnacle encounters. Th rough information on Mascots progressive system I can all the more likely comprehend the requirements of the individual and the effect this has on their inspiration and learning.To be genuinely powerful in its usage I would need to value the necessities of each student, which could be at various stages for every person in the class. These people could likewise be in a condition of transition starting with multi week then onto the next. It is unreasonable to hope to appreciate every one of their prerequisites, even with a profound comprehension of this hypothesis. I accept the best utilization of this hypothesis is to educate me regarding their conceivable state with the goal that I may be progressively homeopathic towards them and comprehend the issues they may have. The most ideal approach to assist them with moving in the direction of self-realization is for them to act naturally mindful and comprehend their own needs.When they show up at class they will as of now have had a diffi cult day at work, frequently without sufficient opportunity to eat. They will likewise be worn out; despite the fact that my class is at any rate hypothesis, so is less truly requesting than their handy exercises in the workshop. I do attempt to take a portion of these things in to account and will permit them to acquire food and drink to the class in the event that they so want. I am ready to meet beneficiary wellbeing needs, for example, insurance from the components, security, request, cutoff points and dependability. These requirements are a piece of the College protecting approach so ought to consistently be in place.If I can figure out how to assist them with feeling belongingness, which I feel they do accomplish, at that point I am additionally making a progressively comprehensive condition for them. I feel it is essential to know about these requirements to make a superior learning circumstance for my understudies. An analysis I have is that Moscow made a presumption that th e necessities must be fulfilled all together, so the essential physiological need must be fulfilled before hello can accomplish wellbeing and just once security is accomplished would they be able to go to worry about belongingness, etc through the hierarchy.This is demonstrated to be bogus, for instance, if you somehow happened to concentrate enormous societies where huge quantities of the populace live in neediness, similar to India or Brazil then you see that these individuals can in any case accomplish higher request needs, for example, love and belongingness (McLeod, 2007). As per Moscow this ought not happen. On the off chance that we were additionally to take a gander at numerous imaginative individuals, for example, specialists like Rembrandt or Van Gogh, it could be contended that they accomplished self-completion yet experienced their lives in destitution (McLeod, 2007). I will in any case apply this hypothesis even with its blemishes since it isn't miserably off-base and s till trust it holds a ton of truth.Another humanist that I feel bears extraordinary importance to my present encouraging post is Malcolm Knowles (1913

Aristotle as a Critic Essay

Aristotle (384-322 B. C. E. ), the child of a doctor, was the understudy of Plato from roughly 367 B. C. until his mentor’s demise in 348/347. In the wake of carrying on philosophical and logical examinations somewhere else in the Greek world and filling in as the guide to Alexander the Great, he came back to Athens in 335 B. C. E. to establish the Lyceum, a significant philosophical focus, which he utilized as his base for productive examinations concerning numerous regions of reasoning. Aristotle is a transcending figure in antiquated Greek way of thinking, making commitments to rationale, mysticism, arithmetic, material science, science, herbal science, morals, legislative issues, horticulture, medication, move and theater. As a productive author and polymath, Aristotle drastically changed most, if not all, subject matters he contacted. It is no big surprise that Aquinas alluded to him just as â€Å"The Philosopher. † In the course of his life, Aristotle composed upwards of 200 treatises, of which just 31 endure. Lamentably for us, these works are as talk notes and draft original copies never planned for general readership, so they don't show his rumored cleaned exposition style which pulled in numerous incredible supporters, including the Roman Cicero. Aristotle was the first to arrange regions of human information into particular teaches, for example, science, science, and morals. A portion of these orders are as yet utilized today. [There has been long hypothesis that the first Poetics contained two books, our surviving Poetics and a lost second book that as far as anyone knows managed satire and purgation. No firm proof for the presence of this subsequent book has been showed. Our (insight into the content of the Poetics relies chiefly upon an original copy of the tenth or eleventh century and a subsequent composition dating from the fourteenth century. ] (not to write in notes)*. Aristotle could be viewed as the main well known abstract pundit. In contrast to Plato, who everything except denounced composed stanza, Aristotle separates it and investigations it to isolate the great from the awful. On various subjects Aristotle created places that altogether contrasted from those of his educator. We obviously note this significant contrast of supposition with Plato and, in fact, watch the clear remedy of his recent ace in Aristotle’s scholarly and stylish hypotheses. Aristotelian feel legitimately repudiates Plato’s negative perspective on workmanship by setting up a strong scholarly job. The chief wellspring of our insight into Aristotle’s tasteful and scholarly hypothesis is the Poetics, yet significant advantageous data is found in different treatises, essentially the Rhetoric, the Politics, and the Nicomachean Ethics. Aristotle’s primary commitment to analysis likely could be the possibility that verse is after every one of the a workmanship with its very own object, that it tends to be normally comprehended and diminished to an understandable arrangement of rules (that is, it is a â€Å"art,† as per the definition in the Ethics). The primary worry of the guidelines of the Poetics, be that as it may, isn't with the creation of artistic works; it is fairly with their basic assessment. Subsequently, analysis can be a science, and not a mass of arbitrary standards and instincts. Aristotle talks about the educative estimation of visual, melodic and verbal expressions. Both the Rhetoric and the Poetics can be considered â€to be developments of this view. We may state that Aristotle liberates writing from Plato’s radical moralism and instruction, while he despite everything anticipates that it should be similar to an ethical comprehension of the world. For him, writing is a levelheaded and helpful movement, and not a silly and perilous one, as it was for Plato. Aristotle? s way to deal with writing is fundamentally philosophical: he is increasingly worried about the nature and the structure of verse than with its source. The starting points of verse had been grounded on the intuition of impersonation which is normal to man. The main poetical works were unconstrained spontaneous creations. The birthplaces of the various classifications is legitimized by Aristotle therefore: â€Å"Poetry before long extended into two channels, as per the dispositions of individual writers. The more genuine disapproved among them spoke to respectable activities and the doings of honorable people, while the more inconsequential expounded on the meaner kind of individuals; in this way, while the one sort composed songs and panegyrics, these others started by composing denunciations. (Poetics II). † The improvement experiences genuine or comic epic sonnets, for example, those composed by Homer to satire and catastrophe; â€Å"these new structures were both more terrific and more profoundly respected than the earlier† (Poetics II). Aristotle doesn't, be that as it may, choose whether catastrophe (and by suggestion, writing) has just evolved as far as could reasonably be expected; yet he asserts that it has ground to a halt. Aristotle makes a short diagram of the historical backdrop of catastrophe: â€Å"At first the artists had utilized the tetrameter since they were composing satyr-verse, which was all the more firmly identified with the move; however once discourse had been presented, by its very nature it hit upon the correct measure, for the rhyming is of all estimates the one most appropriate to discourse . . . . Another change was the expanded number of scenes, or acts. (Poetics II). † Aristotle additionally manages the ascent of parody: â€Å"the early history of satire. . . is dark, since it was not paid attention to. Parody had just procured certain obvious structures before there is any notice of the individuals who are named as its writers. Nor is it realized who presented veils, or introductions, or a majority of on-screen characters, and different things of that sort. Of Athenian artists Crates was the first to dispose of the parody design and to embrace stories and plots of an increasingly broad nature. (Poetics II). † crafted by Aristotle overall might be viewed as an endeavor to build up an auxiliary and metalinguistic way to deal with writing. In spite of the fact that it safeguards a worry with valuation, its central purpose is towards the meaning of hypothetical prospects and general laws. A few pundits have talked about Aristotle’s sin of oversight in relationship with verse and the persuasive component in writing. This is a reality. Be that as it may, it doesn't appear to be so significant when we take a gander at what Aristotle does state and the standards he sets up. We can scarcely perceive the part of analysis after Aristotle’s work, on the off chance that we contrast it with its past state. His is the most significant single commitment to analysis in the entire history of the order.

Marketing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Advertising the executives - Essay Example Today, the client must be made mindful of the item or administration to draw in them. In this manner, there is a need to build up a showcasing plan and re-dispatch Plaza. Appropriate Marketing Communication Strategy: Just setting up an advertising plan won't guarantee adequacy of the arrangement except if a solid showcasing correspondence plan is created. Connecting clients and making them mindful of the administrations being offered is exceptionally fundamental in this way, it will be prescribed to Barry that he ought not think little of the reasonable and supporting promoting correspondence plan. The most obvious piece of any advertising blend variable is promoting correspondence and any correspondence plan ought to be set in thought to in general showcasing methodology and ought to be founded on track crowd (OUP Website). Concentrate on SMART Objectives: In request to be effective, Barry needs to set showcasing goals and business destinations and the targets ought to be SMART. For instance, if Barry chooses to focus on a client fragment and creates showcasing correspondence plan in like manner, he ought to likewise consider that the focused on client portion is sufficiently large to accomplish the set degree of deals. Lead Environmental Scanning: It is additionally prescribed to Barry that he should direct outside natural investigation particularly the PESTLE examination to comprehend the earth. To build up a SWOT, it is significant for Barry to direct ecological investigation. For instance, Barry ought to assess lawful variables, (for example, Health and Safety Regulations), social patterns, monetary conditions, obstruction of legislative organizations in the locale, access to innovation and natural supportability. Direct Competitors’ Analysis: It is additionally prescribed to Barry that he ought not neglect his rivals assuming any. Film is one of the most amusement sports for the individuals and the new motion pictures can generally draw in individuals to films. In the event that crowd of Plaza is extremely low, at that point Barry needs to

Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa - 1100 Words

Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa (Book Report Sample) Content: Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by HayakawaNameProffers nameCourseDateWorkplace conflict is a precise type of conflict that happens in workplace. Conflicts can be because to differences of opinion or personality clash about tasks. The workplace conflicts that arise in workplaces may perhaps be shaped by the distinctive aspects of this atmosphere, as well as the long hourà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s different people use at their workplace, the difficulties that may be concerned in switching to a different workplace, and the hierarchical structure of the organization. There are so many sources of workplace conflict and from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa. Different communication styles can direct to misunderstandings between workers or between worker and manager. Unless staffs understands and accept each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s move toward work and conflict will take place, when one or more personnel within a work division are not up to prospective and if t his is not addressed, conflict is inevitable.People who consider themselves as realistic and tough-minded, among them prominent political leaders and businessmen tend to standard that human character is self-centered, and that life is an effort in which simply the fittest may endure. Categorically, most of the time when we pay attention to the noises group make, we are drawing upon the skill of others in order to make up for what we as individual have missed. Clearly the more human being makes use of the nervous systems of another person to supplement his personal, the simple it is for that person to cause conflict. The more persons of course, there are in a setting the more likely they will be in conflict of interest among them by making unhelpful noises at each other, the worst is for all in the restrictions, naturally, of the group's aptitude for social organization p. 11.An individual, then, is by no means dependent on his own knowledge alone for his information. Consequently, instead of remaining vulnerable because of the boundaries of his own knowledge and experience, instead of realizing out what others have previously discovered, instead of searching the false qualities they explored and duplicate their errors,. This leads to most of the conflicts in workplace, since some do not have the skills needed in a highly competitive society since management believes every employee have the skills to deliver. Therefore, this increases conflict that takes part as the greatest of human beings that makes all other achievements impossible, namely, the conflict experiences in great stores of knowledge, available to all, therefore, Cultural and intellectual conflict is the great challenge of human being life p. 14.We exist in a highly aggressive society, every person trying to outshine the other in popularity, in wealth, or social prestige. One often says that conflict, is the great governing principle of human life p. 14. But such a philosophy is right, because of all the struggle at the surface, there is an enormous substratum of conflict taken for granted that keeps the human race going. The key point here is that all this conflict is necessary for the operation of society and of necessity accomplished by language or as well it is not attained at all pp. 14-15. It is the essential theory of this book that extensive intraspecific conflict through the use of language is the basic device of human continued existence. A parallel statement will be that when the exercise of language domino effect, as it so regularly does, in the aggravation or creation of conflicts and disagreements, something linguistically is wrong with the speaker, the listener, or both.Hayakawa discussion about the employ of symbols and their power of creating abstract pyramids of thought, however, he takes us back at some point, verbal communication has to talk about a certain extent in the real world. It makes sense if functional in arguments if the dispute is about thing s which can not be precise; they are garbage arguments, for they will never be determined. They are supported solely on our inner language assumptions, structures and classifications, either of them are "true" as they canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t be confirmed. Interestingly, Hayakawa imagines that this is the reason why science has made such huge amounts of advancement since scientists are not disturbed with structures that are unverifiable. Systems are helpful if they reflect outcome that can eternity be achieve through experiments. Systems that are helpful are quickly inclined. If social systems are evaluated by effectiveness in obtaining outcome, rather than by impossible to identify scales such as evil or good. Hayakawa consider that society would move onward more quickly.Symbols and things symbolized are self-determining of each other; however, we all have a way of reaction as if we were essential connections p. 27. Society of a current civilization need more than that normal "common sense" which was described by Stuart Chase as that which informs a person that the world is flat. They are required to be scientifically aware of the limitations and power of symbols, particularly words, if they are to defend them against being determined into complete incomprehension by the difficulty of their semantic setting. The primary principles governing symbols is this: The symbol is NOT the thing symbolized; this at times causes conflict in workplace as some member does no fully understand the word is NOT the thing; the map is NOT the territory it stands for. pp. 29-30.Hayakawa in Language of Social Cohesion discovers several use of language, including reporting emotions, reporting facts, and others. "The anticipation of silence is itself a... Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa - 1100 Words Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa (Book Report Sample) Content: Workplace conflict from Language in Thought and Action by HayakawaNameProffers nameCourseDateWorkplace conflict is a precise type of conflict that happens in workplace. Conflicts can be because to differences of opinion or personality clash about tasks. The workplace conflicts that arise in workplaces may perhaps be shaped by the distinctive aspects of this atmosphere, as well as the long hourà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s different people use at their workplace, the difficulties that may be concerned in switching to a different workplace, and the hierarchical structure of the organization. There are so many sources of workplace conflict and from Language in Thought and Action by Hayakawa. Different communication styles can direct to misunderstandings between workers or between worker and manager. Unless staffs understands and accept each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s move toward work and conflict will take place, when one or more personnel within a work division are not up to prospective and if t his is not addressed, conflict is inevitable.People who consider themselves as realistic and tough-minded, among them prominent political leaders and businessmen tend to standard that human character is self-centered, and that life is an effort in which simply the fittest may endure. Categorically, most of the time when we pay attention to the noises group make, we are drawing upon the skill of others in order to make up for what we as individual have missed. Clearly the more human being makes use of the nervous systems of another person to supplement his personal, the simple it is for that person to cause conflict. The more persons of course, there are in a setting the more likely they will be in conflict of interest among them by making unhelpful noises at each other, the worst is for all in the restrictions, naturally, of the group's aptitude for social organization p. 11.An individual, then, is by no means dependent on his own knowledge alone for his information. Consequently, instead of remaining vulnerable because of the boundaries of his own knowledge and experience, instead of realizing out what others have previously discovered, instead of searching the false qualities they explored and duplicate their errors,. This leads to most of the conflicts in workplace, since some do not have the skills needed in a highly competitive society since management believes every employee have the skills to deliver. Therefore, this increases conflict that takes part as the greatest of human beings that makes all other achievements impossible, namely, the conflict experiences in great stores of knowledge, available to all, therefore, Cultural and intellectual conflict is the great challenge of human being life p. 14.We exist in a highly aggressive society, every person trying to outshine the other in popularity, in wealth, or social prestige. One often says that conflict, is the great governing principle of human life p. 14. But such a philosophy is right, because of all the struggle at the surface, there is an enormous substratum of conflict taken for granted that keeps the human race going. The key point here is that all this conflict is necessary for the operation of society and of necessity accomplished by language or as well it is not attained at all pp. 14-15. It is the essential theory of this book that extensive intraspecific conflict through the use of language is the basic device of human continued existence. A parallel statement will be that when the exercise of language domino effect, as it so regularly does, in the aggravation or creation of conflicts and disagreements, something linguistically is wrong with the speaker, the listener, or both.Hayakawa discussion about the employ of symbols and their power of creating abstract pyramids of thought, however, he takes us back at some point, verbal communication has to talk about a certain extent in the real world. It makes sense if functional in arguments if the dispute is about thing s which can not be precise; they are garbage arguments, for they will never be determined. They are supported solely on our inner language assumptions, structures and classifications, either of them are "true" as they canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t be confirmed. Interestingly, Hayakawa imagines that this is the reason why science has made such huge amounts of advancement since scientists are not disturbed with structures that are unverifiable. Systems are helpful if they reflect outcome that can eternity be achieve through experiments. Systems that are helpful are quickly inclined. If social systems are evaluated by effectiveness in obtaining outcome, rather than by impossible to identify scales such as evil or good. Hayakawa consider that society would move onward more quickly.Symbols and things symbolized are self-determining of each other; however, we all have a way of reaction as if we were essential connections p. 27. Society of a current civilization need more than that normal "common sense" which was described by Stuart Chase as that which informs a person that the world is flat. They are required to be scientifically aware of the limitations and power of symbols, particularly words, if they are to defend them against being determined into complete incomprehension by the difficulty of their semantic setting. The primary principles governing symbols is this: The symbol is NOT the thing symbolized; this at times causes conflict in workplace as some member does no fully understand the word is NOT the thing; the map is NOT the territory it stands for. pp. 29-30.Hayakawa in Language of Social Cohesion discovers several use of language, including reporting emotions, reporting facts, and others. "The anticipation of silence is itself a...

Reducing Unemployment as a Way of Reducing Crime Rate - Free Essay Example

Poverty is the mother of crime, these were the words by Magnus Aurelius that I concur too. Crime is a rampant social and economic problem that exists in all countries including the United States. If one was asked to point out even a single state where there is no crime. It would be difficult to point out. However, what remains different are the statistics. There are cities where crimes are so rampant or in certain streets while in others, it is a negligible number. According to a research published by Forbes magazine, Detroit is among the most dangerous cities that exist. Most crimes that happen here are often gang-related ranging from rape, robbery with violence, assault, drugs among other violent crime. St Louis, Atlanta, and Oakland are also part of the list and these high crime rates are due to the high poverty level that is closely linked to unemployment. Over the years, unemployment has been known to be the main cause as to why there are high crime rates in the world. Increased job opportunities as a way of dealing with the increased rate of poverty will eventually lead to a decrease in crime rate. Unemployment refers to the lack of job opportunities for people who are experienced and have looked for jobs without any success. The unemployment rate is a standard measurement that will often be used by researchers to report how prevalent unemployment rate is. It is obtained by dividing people who are unemployed by the number of individuals who are employed. There is never a time when there is full employment although most countries will often try come up with ways to combat unemployment because of the diverse effects it often has on the economy including increased crime rate. It is obvious how the crime rate will often relate to poverty and unemployment. There is often a lot of frustration when it comes to looking for job opportunities and none are available. We live in a society where everything has a monetary value meaning there is a very slim chance that one may survive (Baron, pg. 399-434). With rent to pay, food to buy and catering for oners personal needs, people often resor t in engaging in crime. In the US the unemployment rate varied from state to state. As of 2016, the rate of unemployment ranged from 2.7% in New Hampshire to 6.8 in New Mexico. In 2016, a research established that 5.8% of families include unemployed individual (Heinrich, pg. 52). Children who come from unemployed families are likely to fail. Failing means they are less likely to excel in their career or continue with their education. This results in them turning into rimes as a way of ensuring that they meet their needs. Again we have a link on how unemployment may result in an increased crime rate. More statistics have also shown that when a breadwinner loses a job, families may never recover financially as they can lose up to $140000. In order to ensure these individuals do not turn into criminals, more employment opportunities need to be related in order to ensure that the breadwinners are still able to support their families. In the modern day, unemployment can occur due to retrenchment or over flooding of the market with qualified individual and thus some people are left out. Without a sociological imagination, a person who has been retrenched would feel helpless as if they have no control over their lives and will keep wondering why they were so easily disposable. If someone were to search or apply for a new form of employment, it would prove quite difficult as more companies will also be trying to make cuts in order to be able to save money, thus employment opportunities get to grow scarcer daily. These rejecting may be too much for someone to handle and would eventually lead to the trapped feeling that Wright talked of in his book. The unemployed individual would be able to understand that this is a worldwide issue and many people face these issues. The government often need to play a great role in ensuring that employment opportunities are not scarce and that companies shouldnt lay off people instead create employment opportunities for them (Farrington, pg. 335-356). This can be done through legislation. The government also needs to provide a conducive environment for the businesses to grow. Times the government are largely to blame for their employment rate. They greatly tax these companies and come up with policies that make it hard for companies to grow. They end up collapsing and shutting down increasing unemployment. These retrenched or people who lose their job may decide to engage in criminal activities. Garry Becker was among the first economist to analyze the issue of crime while applying an economic model. In his paper Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach, states that like any other individual, thieves are also rational individuals. And through the illegal activities, they want to maximize their wellbeing (Becker, pg. 13-68). Most people who have employment opportunities have the financial capacity to maximize their wellbeing such as life in a good house, drive good cars and provide a good life to their family. However, those without employment opportunities and still want to lead this life will often have to resort to illegal means. Most of these illegal activities are ways which these people are still able to obtain finances and are at times so much more profitable than other jobs, for example selling drugs. This leads to more people being drawn into engaging in these activities. The risk of being rich is much more worth than being caught and this is why most would rather go to jail. Unemployment will often lead people into desperation points. Not everyone who engages in criminal activity do so because they have a bad heart but some scenarios are as a result of circumstances. When one is not able to cater for their needs it leads them to a point of desperation. Unemployment means there is a likelihood that you may be thrown out of the house due to late payment of rent or that your family will have to go hungry a day or two because there is no money to buy food. This kind of desperation may result in people into stealing or assault in order to survive. The theory of the poor having to steal from the rich. As in the famous 14th century English ballads that starred Robinhood who would steal from the rich and later redistribute to those who had nothing. In the current economy. There is a numerous number of American citizen undergoing economic difficulty. When you are earning zero and you can use a certain means to get the money it is highly likely that you are going to resort to such means. There is often the discussion of opportunity cost when discussing the crime and unemployment. Ehrlich was another economist who continued with Beckerrs work stating that criminals will often be involved with illegal and legal activities. By considering this then one can arrive at several reasons on why unemployment, low wages, and poverty promote high crime rates. However, time spent will dedicate which activity one will dedicate in their lives. This brings up the discussion on how profitable legal activities are. It is often argued that when a potential offender despite having the knowledge that if caught will result in sentencing or punishment, but goes ahead to do it then probably the rewards or whatever he wants to achieve is much greater. Consider a group of thieves who would risk being arrested while robbing a bank as they are assured that they will get millions of dollars. There are other theories that have often disputed the link between crime and unemployment. For a crime to occur there must be offenders and victims. Victims are often the working class and they have some sort of income or business. It is beaus of this that some theorist differs with economies such as Becker. Canto and land are some theorists that believe a decrease in the number of people working who are the victims manrs that there would be a reduction in the number of crimes happening. If there are more people who are unemployed then the people with no jobs will stay in their homes thus reducing the likelihood of their houses being robbed. Also, high unemployment rate means the country is undergoing recession thus there is little for the thieves to steal. These theories, however, are not really accurate because crime is still likely to occur the only variable that may be seen is the percentage. There has been enough evidence that creating job opportunities is likely to decrease the crime rates. Aside from unemployment leading to poverty, it also creates a lot of free time that may lead one into engaging in illegal activities. The crime rate goes hand in hand with the youth being unable to secure jobs including part-time jobs when they are in their summer break result in deviance among these school going children. Summer jobs are a great aspect of reducing the crime rate. Most cities nowadays are increasing Summer Youth Employment Programs in order to curb increased crime rate in the cities. These programs will often range between 14 to 24 weeks involving the students in high school and college. These jobs are given by both the governmental and non-governmental organizations. The youths are also likely to be involved in violent crimes that may result in their arrest. Providing them with employment opportunities especially when they are home on long summer breaks (Heller, pg. 1219-1223). There are various ways that the government may use in creating employment opportunities including arming people with skills to enable them to start their own businesses. This was evident in research that was done in DRC Congo. A nonprofit organization referred to as Action on Armed Violence offered to equip agricultural skills to men who were likely to engage in illegal activity including joining fighting mercenary. After they underwent the program, most of these people became more interested in the new activity. As long as an individual has the means to earn money or is able to cater for their families then they are likely to engage in criminal activities. Members who join a gang are easily lured into these gangs because they have no employment opportunities. Increasing employment opportunities means we get to reduce the number of people that are recruited to the gang. When there are few people to be recruited into the gang, then this means that the gang will not have the manpower t o conduct their criminal activities thus leading to a decline in the criminal activities. There were periods when the United States experienced a decline in criminal gang activity and these periods were seen to be the most productive days. The economy was great and there were many people employed. Although not everyone was employed, every household had someone working and they were thus able to meet their basic needs. The years when the United States experienced a reduced crime rate especially in 1990. However, when the great recession occurred, things took a turn. There was a high unemployment rate as things were not working out for the companies. In 2008, the world economy experienced the worst financial crises to have occurred after the Great Depression, which happened in the 1930s. The crisis began in mid-2007 when the high United States home prices finally turned downwards, and the effect spread quickly to the entire financial sector, as well as other financial markets overseas. The countrys largest insurance company, the popular mortgage lender, the entire investmen t banking industry, the organizations that were given a charter by the federal government to oversee mortgage lending, the largest commercial banks, as well as the largest savings and loan banks were affected greatly. Even though the carnage did not affect the financial sector alone, most of the companies that depended on credit were changed considerably. For instance, the American auto industry that begged for a federal bailout almost got itself at the edge of a deep hole. Additionally, as most banks did not believe that people would pay them back, they stopped making the loans, which most of these companies required for regulating their cash flow, and without these regulations, it would be impossible to do business. During that period, the share value plunged in the entire world, and by 2008, the United States had lost at least 33.8 percent of its value (Palley, pg. 3-17). All these contributed to the high unemployment rate that drove the crime rate up. Sociological imagination can be related to the issue of unemployment through the example of great depression. During this period the majority of Americans were unemployed and poor. This may have seemed like a very personal issue, but the scale was larger as it affected the majority of the people. Mills, however, targets the issue of unemployment as micro and macro situations. He states that In a city of 100,000, only one is unemployed, that is his personal trouble in a nation of 50 million employees, 15 million people are unemployed that is an issue (Mills). An issue that many people in the social experience. These statistics are a clear indication that unemployment is not a personal issue but a societyrs issues. This is why the government needs to come up with better ways to deal with the crime by creating employment opportunities. Formal jobs, white collar, and blue collar will never be enough for everybody. It is for this reasons the government need to start supporting those who want to be self-employed. This includes giving loans to startup businesses and SMEs. These companies as they grow will create more opportunities creating jobs for several other people who are desperate for employment before they start engaging in illegal activities. More millennials are joining the self-employment wagon which is a good thing. With this pace, it is estimated that the number of self-employed people could double leading to a decrease in the number of unemployed people. Youths are often thought to be the highest number of people affected with unemployment and the bills to pay as well as third studentrs loan at times prompts them into joining gangs or robbing thus increasing criminal activity. With more job opportunities created, then they will have the necessary source of income to cater for their needs without engaging i n illegal activities. There are reasons however that the government does not really seem to pay attention to the unemployment rate because more people in the country are employed than unemployed. One may observe that in the country with millions of individuals, then having approximately five hundred people who are unemployed may be less urgent compared to a having an issue where there are five hundred people employed in a society (Kelling, 45-97). The society needs to start however realizing that the unemployed become a menace as they will eventually be drawn to the crime life making the life of everyone quite difficult. No jobs, more crime. More Jobs no crime these are the words that would summarize this essay.

The Theme Of Conflict In Barn Burning By John Faulkner

Faulkner introduces us a dramatic and complex short story called Barn Burning, where the conflict is presented as a child trying to make a decision between following his father along with a path of criminal activity or weather fortunate a new path for himself. The story is narrated in 3rd person omniscient from the perspective of the protagonist of the story, a boy called Coronel Sartoris Snopes and his father, who can be considered as an antagonist, Abner Snopes, a veteran of the war. The mother of Sartoris, his aunt, and his two sisters, act as secondary characters because they are speechless and without space for a opinion during the story. Sartoris’s older brother plays a really important role in the story since he is the one who helps†¦show more content†¦They are corn farmers now and Abner wants to talk to the owner of the farm. Abner goes with Sartoris to the Spain’s house, but before going inside, Abner intentionally steps in horse poop and tracks it al l over an expensive white rug. This action causes Abner to get into trouble again. Spain asks the Snopes family to clean the rug; they place it in front of a fire to dry damaging it greatly. Hence, Spain requires Abner to pay him with corn, which leads to another trial set against Abner, where the judge acts in favor of Spain. When I was reading this part of the story, I thought that Abner was unfortunate because nothing was going well for him; however, I rethought the situation again and I realize the suffering he has exposed to his family such as moving around and changing their life all the time. I think that this man likes to be involved in trouble and more than that, he is constantly looking for reasons to burn and cause damage to others. After the trial, Abner decides that he had no intention of paying; instead, he seeks revenge and plans on burning down Major de Spain’s barn. Sartoris tries to warn Spain of the act that his father is about to make. However, it is too late and in doing so, Sartoris hears multiple gunshots and sees the glow of the barn on fire. The end is moving, because Sartoris faces a difficult situation in which he has to choose between doingShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wall Paper And Barn Burning Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesnot necessarily seen in today’s society, it is not rare to find this theme present in a large number of works studied in American Literature. Two authors that illustrate this pervasive theme in their short stories are Charlotte Perkins Gilman and William Faulkner. Despite the fact that these short stories were written almost fifty years apart, the protagonists in both Gilman’s â€Å" The Yellow Wall-paper† and Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† live in a society where they are severely conflicted because of theirRead MoreAnalysis of Barn Burning Essay580 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Faulkners story Barn Burning occurs in the fictive Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi. It is a story set in the 1930s, a decade of the Great Depression when social and economic problems existed. Barn Burning is a story about social inequality, in particular with the rich land owning family de Spain in contrast to the poor tenant farming ways of the Sartoris family. Abner is the father in the family. He is a cold deviant man. His family is constantly moving around because of theRead MoreLiterary Analysis of â€Å"Barn Burning†2800 Words   |  12 PagesA Literary Analysis of â€Å"Barn Burning† In the beginning, â€Å"Barn Burning† appears to be a story about an oppressive father and his family, who seems to be caught up in his oppression. As you read further in to the story you find that the story is focused on a young son of a poor sharecropper, who has to struggle with his father’s arsonist tendencies which are destroying his families’ reputation and life style, while coming to terms with his own morality. The young son, whose name is Colonel Sartoris

Gun Control And The Safety Of The Future - 868 Words

Gun Control â€Å"We must respect the past, and mistrust the present, if we wish to provide for the safety of the future† was a quote by Joseph Joubert, a well-known essayist, put it simply. People ought to learn from and respect the past, don’t trust the present, all to make the future better. This is something to always live by because the past is not always right and the future should be provided for. Joubert had the right idea. Everyone could learn from his ideology even if they do not completely agree. A topic that is relevant right now and to this quote is gun control. Owning guns is our constitutional right. Many people take that right too far by purchasing military grade firearms. People have become divided on this very current issue. Some say there should be stronger restrictions on purchasing or owning a firearm, while other say there should not be stronger restrictions on purchasing or owning a firearm. Regardless of opinion, now is the right time for both sides to reach a compromise about this very important issue. For the group that supports stronger gun control, their belief is justified. One reason for stronger control is that the second amendment was planned for militia back in colonial america. Colonists used guns for hunting, the Revolutionary war, and protection. At this time it was required by law that all men eligible for militia to own a gun (â€Å"Background†). The need for able men to fight was a concern in Colonial America. Furthermore, supporters ofShow MoreRelatedGun Control And The Right State Of Mind1687 Words   |  7 Pages Gun control has been one of main debating topics for years. This particular subject is discussed frequently between our presidential candidates. How safe do citizens feel in the community knowing that it is not hard to obtain a concealed handgun and/or a handgun license? Citizens in some communities have to worry more about their lives rather than bills. It should never have to be that way for anyone. Some people are not in the right state of mind to have the privilege to carry a firearm. SanityRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control853 Words   |  4 PagesGun control   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Guns should be banned in public but allowed in your home for protection. Guns are not safe, and they never will be. People feel unsafe around guns and guns are not necessary. Working together guns could be eventually outlawed and not allowed in public. Too many incidents have occurred because guns were present.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Guns are unsafe especially in public. The greatest evidence for this is the number of shootings that have occurred in public because the right to carry guns. In fact,Read MoreSchool Shootings Are Becoming More And More Prevalent924 Words   |  4 PagesSchool shootings are defined as being a mass shooting which involves a gun attack on an educational institution. The first known shooting in the United States happened during the 1700s. Four Lenape American Indians entered a schoolhouse near present-day Greencastle, Pennsylvania. The schoolmaster, Enoch Brown, was shot and killed along with several other children in which only two survived. There have been hundreds of shootings since, and more specifically there have been at least 156 school shootingsRead MoreCarrying A Concealed Weapon Is The Argument Amongst Most Citizens857 Words   |  4 Pagesaction regarding gun safety in America. Being pro-gun; having the right to own guns, would make America a safer place. For example, the United States is the highest gun owner country in the world with a total of 88.8% of gun owners (Norell, 46-52). With the gun owning rate being substantially high, adults should talk to their children the understanding of guns and why we use them for a safety concern. Colleges are a gun free zone which means no students or staff can carry a gun. If someone wouldRead MoreGun Regulation Laws Should Not Be Legal1458 Words   |  6 PagesMilligan from U.S. News addresses that the main argument of many opponents to increasing gun regulation laws will argue that it is meaningless because criminals, which by definition don’t follow the law, won’t allow gun laws to hamstring their criminal behavior. Although this statement proves to be true, increasing gun regulation isn’t only designed to control criminals but, the everyday law abiding citizen as recent gun-related tragedie s express. For example, a story covered by US News presents a man inRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control739 Words   |  3 Pagesmight consider that guns are a tool when in clear fact they are not, they are very dangerous weapons. Even though some may say that they only use firearms primarily for hunting, majority of guns in the world are used for one thing killing. By standing beside gun control it’s the safest route to follow because it can lower the rates of the amount of gun related crimes such as murder, and robbery being committed. But the most important thing is that it can provide is safety, putting more stricterRead MoreGun Control Will NOT Stop Senseless Gun Violence Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesGun violence in the United States is higher than ever, and criminals with guns will â€Å"†¦kill as many as 1000 people each day† (AlpersWilson). Taking this into perspective, it is only right to fight fire with fire or, in this case, use a gun to protect yourself and those around you. Gun control does not only decrease the ability for protection, it also decreases our rights as U.S citizens. The constitution clearly states that we are given the right to bear arms, meaning we may carry fire arms. EvenRead MoreStricter Mandatory Gun Control Laws884 Words   |  4 PagesTo make America safer we need to be stricter on gun control laws. Although some people prefer less strict, because they feel like it limits their rights. Legislators need to update the background check system, enforce mandatory course s and safety training. Gun control has become one of the biggest topics in the USA over the years, some are in favor of stricter gun control laws and others are against. Moreover guns are the cause of the majority of the crimes in the US, and stricter laws should beRead MoreEssay America Needs More Gun Control1409 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Constitution to the United States really mean? Does every citizen have the right to own a gun? Should there be limitations on who can possess a gun? Gun right advocates believe they have the right to possess a gun without restrictions. Gun Control advocates on the other hand support more limitations on the accessibility of guns and also want to ban certain types of guns. They argue that the more guns there are the more crime there will be. Is either one of these arguments justified? Which partyRead MoreEssay about America Needs More Gun Control Laws1397 Words   |  6 Pagesacross the United States. Nevertheless, in today’s society, gun violence is sparking debat e and controversy on how to control gun violence. Throughout the country, thousands of laws and regulations have been created to aid in the control of guns. Through much study, the gun laws and regulations in place have very little effect on the number of gun related injuries and deaths. More needs to be done to establish an effective way to control gun violence. Potential Solutions Shootings in the United States

Use Of Technology And Social Media - 1062 Words

The use of technology and social media makes our life a lot easier. Social media and technology play a huge role in our everyday life and friendship. In today’s world, people, mostly teenagers use social media and technology every day to communicate and interact with others. Technology gives us an opportunity to connect with anybody we want from anywhere we are, saving us time. According to â€Å"Daily News† 84 percent of people worldwide say they couldn’t go a single day without their mobile device in their hand. That means almost everybody uses their phone in order to communicate and stay updated. I use my phone every single day and I cannot imagine living my life without a smartphone. I go on social media websites every day to connect with friends and see what they are doing. It is the fastest way to interact with friends and I love technology for that. A couple decades ago people didn’t have good communication devices therefore it was much harder for t hem to connect with each other. Technology makes it much more convenient and easy for us to use, saving us a lot of time. Having technology makes our life easier and at the same time virtual. It is very convenient and just normal for our society to use it everyday. In my opinion modern technology provides more options and opportunities to connect with our friends. I really don’t think that technology and social media ruin our friendships like most people would say. It all depends on how you use it. Technology and Social mediaShow MoreRelatedUse Of Technology And Social Media1564 Words   |  7 Pagesparties, many of us see technology and social media being used. The growth of technology and social media has evolved drastically and has pushed itself into the modern world and is used as an electronically communication tool. Information spreads and people retain information that is posted on social media. According to Pew Research Center’s article â€Å"Social Media Usa ge:2005-2015†, almost two-thirds of the American adults which composes about 65% of the population, uses social networking sites (PerrinRead MoreEfficient Business Communications in Companies Today Means Full Use of Social Media and Modern Technologies1411 Words   |  6 Pagescommunications around the world. Technologies and their advantages Technology seems to be in a state of constant evolution. New technologies are being developed all the time, and the impact this has had on the world of business communication is immeasurable. In spite of that speaking to someone in person is the best method of business communication, technology has allowed you to communicate with people around the world through other methods to save company money. Technology plays an important role inRead MoreHigh Dependence On Social Media Technology1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthere is high dependence on social media technology in daily human interaction and sharing of information. This has shaped the social interactions and development of personal relationships of people more so teenagers. Individuals in the modern society use social media technology extensively, which has caused significant change in time people spend in alternative activities. That is, given a time constraint of 24 hours in a day, time spent in using social media technology is drawn from another activityRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Technology1265 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristics of the innovations, UTAUT pays attention to new technologies in an organi zational setting and its constructs place more emphasis on a user’s perception and expectation of the technologies. In this present study, social media is treated as a new technology being adopted for crisis communication in an organizational context. The first construct, performance expectancy, is the degree to which an individual expects that using a technology will help improve job performance (Venkatesh et al., 2003)Read MoreSociety s Addiction On Social Media Buzz Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction on Social Media Buzz Throughout the past few years, society has become more and more technologically advanced. Whether it be a cell phone, tablet, computer, television or any other device, most people have some sort of technology. With technology comes social media and social buzz. Everything people do, adult or teenager, can be linked with social connections. A simple tweet or Facebook status can be posted in a second. News can travel throughout the media instantly. Is all this technology andRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On The Treatment Of Diabetes1451 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes technology and online patient presence has reached a point where social media could make a substantial impact on diabetes treatment. The ideas are already starting to take hold, with social technology like DiaSend and CareLink, as well as social networks like TuDiabetes and PatientsLikeMe, leading the way. The future of diabetes and social media involves patients and physicians sharing information with each other like never before. The benefits include more efficient hospitals and moreRead MoreSocial Medi A Good Thing Or Bad Thing?1727 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has revolutionized the way United States society functions. Society will change based on technology whether we like it tor not; it depends on how we use technology to see the positive and negative effects of it. It is up to the individual whether or not to let social medias take over his or her life. From kids to teens to adults technology is crucial part in daily life. It is important to find a balance between social media and a personal life. It is up to the individual to create aRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1068 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the most prominent areas of information technology present in today’s society is that of social media. Facebook users make up 62% of the entire adult population and Twitter users compose 20% of the population (Mobile Messaging and Social Media, 2015). Sites li ke these allow users to transfer information, in the form of social content, to the Internet community with no limitations. These sites also ease communication across great distances, allowing for a diverse audience for any informationRead MoreThe Controversial Issues Of Young People Using Internet And Communication Technologies1680 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, technologies of internet and mobile media has been widely used. The consequences of them on young people are powerful, however it has been an argumentative issue throughout years as the impacts contain both positive and negative sides. Based on the data from American life Project, there is an increasing rate of young people using smartphones and online social networking site such as Facebook, Twitter. This essay focuses on the controversial issues of young people using internet and communicationRead MoreA Brief Note On Technology And Social Media952 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology and Social Media: Crucial to Society Social media is one of the most popular means of communication today. The general public uses social media to talk to loved ones, find long lost friends, and participate in online discussions. As technological capabilities have advanced over the years, so has the public’s reliance on social media. Debates have surfaced about whether the public is misusing social media. Many people are questioning whether social media is replacing human interaction

Bethoven´s Monnlight Sonata History - 569 Words

Beethoven’s first movement from his infamous Moonlight Sonata is most illustrious for its bittersweet melancholic sound. It is in the key of C# minor as it has four sharps in its key signature and sounds like it is in the minor tonality. Beethoven gives an indication to how the performer should interpret their role with the phrase adagio sostenuto which means to play at a slow tempo (66 beats per minute) and to effectively utilize the sustained pedal. Sempre e senza sordino means to the whole piece ought to be played with the utmost delicacy and without damper. From the interpretations of his instructions, it can be concluded that Beethoven wanted this movement to be interpreted with sensitivity and colour. The bass line is a prominent feature in texturizing the movement. The most distinctive characteristics in the bass line are its Neapolitan chords which are strategically placed amidst chords of double octaves. This prevents the movement sounding too much like a lullaby and adds more colour and tension. The movement starts out pianissimo and diverges between pianissimo and piano to maintain a soothing sound. Its luxurious ostinato triplet melody creates a lullaby-like feeling within the piece. However, the melancholic tone is instilled within the 3rd bar where the d natural within the triplet melody stands out. This adheres to the purpose of advancing the momentum of the piece as the lowered d provides variation in the triplet melody so it is not as repetitive. To

Pet Shop Essay Example For Students

Pet Shop Essay Ive been in lots of pet shop, and they fve alwaays seemed to be cute, happy, friendly, clean places. That fs why, on a recent Sunday afternoon, I stopped in a pet shop for to see pets. I fd been visiting my friends, whom I talked about cute pets, and saw that we were favorite pets. A pets shop, however, was not the place I had impression-it was different. Even the outside of the pet shop was dirty. These were much kind of birds in cage they showed in front of the shop, which looked like a zoo. A pet shop leaved bird fs dropping and fell down theirs feather all over. They were screamed and made noise when the customer entered in shop. We felt small and surprised when we listened them. The pet shop was noisy when I entered. Same things the entrances, inside noises were injured our feel. Almost dogs and cats in cage, they were gathered stress because they couldn ft walk and run about in free. Therefore they barked when they saw the customer. Some dogs and cats were disciplined not to bark, but I felt that they wanted to free and to go out of theirs cage. The pet shop rules have a cruel for unsold pets. They had to sold before they were reached full growth because pet fs nurture easily when they were child therefore almost the customers wanted to buy puppy and almost people liked puppy than grew up pets. The pet shop fs owner reduced the price by 50 percent; nevertheless, if they couldn ft sell they were killed. When I went to the pet shop. I saw a dog. He was good dog and popular type of dogs and he was so smart. In addition to he had pedigree but he was grown up already. I was taken the dog but I couldn ft buy to him because I had not enough to money for buying him and I couldn ft have a dog as a pet. Later on I stopped in same pet shop and I asked the clerk to make sure that the dog whether sold or not.   Oh, that dog didn ft sold so, my owner took order with him. I don ft know after what do. h She said. Some time the pet shop terribly cruel places when I visiting there but the pet shop was gave us to pleasure at least when we bought pets and we saw cute puppy and kitten.

Research Highlights Discrimination Experienced †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Research Highlights Discrimination Experienced. Answer: Introduction Mental health problems have become a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Nordqvist (2017) defines mental health as cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Mental health is about individuals thoughts, feelings and behavior and at times it can be used to refer to the absence of a mental disorder. It is a condition that has an impact on physical health, relationships and daily life. Mental illness, on the other hand, is a combination of a variety of psychiatric disorders such schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, mood, eating, and personality. Poor knowledge regarding mental health issues and the negative attitudes held towards people with mental illnesses is widespread amongst the public. It is so unfortunate that many individuals do not understand mental health problems and therefore are likely to view people suffering from the condition negatively (Sane.Org 2016). This often results in patients of mental health to be treated in a bad way or the society labels the m in a way they hurt their place in the community. This is commonly referred to as stigmatization and discrimination. This report will, therefore, look at the widely held perspective of mental health and compare and contrast the attitudes towards mental health between Australia and New Zealand. World Health Organization defines mental health as a state of complete physical mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence a disease or an infirmity. This definition has three primary ideas that may result in the improvement of mental health and are important. The value difference across countries, counties, genders, classes, and cultures may appear too big to agree on a definition. However, another proposed definition of mental health by WHO has been a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and can contribute to his or her community." Mental health is, therefore, the basis for the well-being and effective functioning of the community and individuals. There is some level of interdependency between social, physical and mental health and therefore physical and mental health cannot exist alone (World Health Organization, 2015). Individuals in Australia wants a good life shared with friends and families and full of opportunities in involvement in making contributions to the various aspects of life (Mental Health Commission 2014). Good mental health is a basic thing in building and maintaining a good life. According to Mental Health Commission (2014), one out of five people in Australia is likely to experience mental health problems at least once in their lifetime. This is an indication that Australians are affected by poor mental health either at an individual level or through a colleague, friend, family member or even neighbors. It is important to note that lifelong mental illness that is experienced by people has a significant impairment in every facet of their lives and at times requires long periods of hospitalization. Mental Health Commission (2014) notes that mental health issues can be accompanied by other challenges such as physical health, alcoholism and other drug-related issues, interaction with t he criminal justice system and disabilities. The stigma associated with mental health issues can be shameful and result in isolation for the victims. Some challenges are encountered from the negative attitudes towards mental health such as high suicide rates and vulnerability of young people to developing mental health problems. However, according to the report by Mental Health Commission (2014), many individuals have invested their time and energy in sharing their experiences of living with mental health challenges which have, in turn, resulted in more support towards the desired changes. Negative attitudes persist amongst the members of the society where the stigma acts as a disgrace that sets individuals apart from the rest. Some of the identified negative attitudes effects are the shame, blame, hopelessness, distress, reluctance to seek help and misrepresentation in the media (Healthywa.wa.gov 2015). WAAMH.org (2018) therefore actively seeks to promote positive attitudes in the wider community through informing and educating them on how to respond effectively to these challenges, build resilience and reduce stigma to enhance the promotion of a community that is mentally healthy. In a study conducted by the University of Melbourne concerning attitudes towards mental health across the country, the findings indicate no significant difference for all the analyses done in stigmatizing attitudes to the Australian population (University of Melbourne 2015). Also, the levels of discrimination and stigma did not differ in the national population. In another study by Lam, Jorm and Wong (2010), conducted on the Chinese community members in Melbourne regarding their attitudes towards individuals with mental illness and training regarding the mental health first aid knowledge on mental disorders indicated the prevalence of negative attitudes on the mental health. However, significant improvements were noted in mental disorders recognition and treatment, and there were reduced negative attitudes. With an increase in knowledge concerning this condition, the community at large is determined to change the perceptions of mental health. The general community members have less k nowledge about mental health problems even though mental disorders are so prevalent in the society where virtually everyone is prone to developing the disorders or have close contact with an individual who suffers from the condition. Different individuals in different settings tend to have varied perceptions regarding the issue. New Zealand is a country found in Australia. Kazantzis et al., (2010) states that people with mental illness challenges have for a long time been treated in psychiatric hospitals that are perimetered to separate them from the community. The integration with community members is challenging because of the stigma associated with mental illness. In the research by Kazantzis et al. (2010) on community attitudes in New Zealand, they note that from the 1950s to the mid-1990s, they found out that older community has strong authoritarian views where they view mentally ill people to be inferior. The relationship between gender and attitudes provide conflicting results where the studies conducted in New Zealand show that both age and gender has no significant contribution to negative attitudes towards mental health In another study by Debbie Peterson (2005) on family attitudes toward mentally ill people, the families have been seen to contribute to mental illness by either causing or aggravating it. The family members also appear to be uninformed and have strained relationship coupled with discrimination. The attitudes towards mental health are so negative that mental illness is rarely mentioned because people do not like to talk about it, the media and the government seems to ignore it. It is a subject that is left behind closed doors. Due to the negative attitudes showed towards mentally ill people, there have been high rates of suicide and high levels of untreated mental illness cases. Stuff Nation (2017) states that the issue of mental illness is viewed as a taboo and people have been taught to deal with it privately. Mental health has been treated differently to physical health but they are equally important, and this is an area that the government of New Zealand ought to pay more attentio n to. Another contributor to the negative attitudes is lack of mental health education among the community and thus results in increased stigma and discrimination. The community of New Zealand requires to talk more about the mental health, reach out to families and friends to stop the increased stigma and discrimination. Discrimination and stigmatization are widespread in almost all sectors of the society, and this is an important health issue that requires being solved. The negative attitude limits social integration and recovery. There is a widespread negative attitude that compares the two counties. Mrtensson, Jacobsson, and Engstrm (2014) identify stigma as a social construct which happens when society members distinguish and labels individual differences causing them to experience discrimination and status loss. The attitudes can, therefore, be identified as responses either behavioral or cognitive towards individuals with mental health problems. Australia and New Zealand compare in that despite the attitudes held, with increased knowledge and awareness creation in mental health, people are taking up responsibilities to develop positive attitudes that will aid in recovery and a sense of self-worth (Mrtensson, Jacobsson and Engstrm 2014). In areas where there are different cultures especially fro m the study conducted by Lam, Jorm, and Wong (2010), on the Chinese community in Melbourne, there is the prevalence of more negative attitudes compared to stigmatization. The attitudes in New Zealand appear to be more negative, and there is the need to enhance more public awareness in both countries at large to enhance positive attitudes. The beliefs of people towards mental health set out their interaction, opportunities offered and support given to individuals with mental health conditions. (Kobau et al. 2012). Kobau et al. (2012) also note that the beliefs and attitudes held towards mental health frames how individuals express their own experiences on emotional issues and psychological distress. This also determines their disclosure of the symptoms and steps of seeking care. The mental disorders are common, and anyone can get affected. Personal knowledge shapes the beliefs and attitudes towards mental health disorders, and when the attitudes are expressed positively, inclusive and supportive behaviors arise. Also, when the beliefs and attitudes are negatively expressed, situations such as discrimination, exploitation, exclusion from daily activities and avoidance are likely to happen. Stigmatization arises from the attitudes held and mainly comprises of negative attitudes and beliefs that compel the public to show rejection, fear, avoidance, and discrimination against individuals suffering from mental disorders. It is notable according to Kobau et al. (2012) that discrimination and social exclusion that arises because of stigma, unequal employment opportunities, resource accessibility, educational opportunities and lack of a supportive community. Victims of stigmatization also lack access to quality healthcare, and when these disparities arise, the cumulative negative impacts may have a long-term effect. In an article by Relationship Australia Organization (2015), there is a concurrence that discrimination and stigma interfere with connections and relationships with community members, friends, family, and friends. The article further notes that the recovery process of people with mental health issues is affected. However, to enhance a reduction in individual and i nstitutional discrimination, the understanding of the community requires being strengthened. When this happens, people can identify and have a better understanding of the early signs of mental distress (RelationshipAustraria.Org 2015). O'Hara (2009) and Sane Organization (2016) identifies that attitudes towards mental health are changing for the better. In a survey conducted by Sane Org (2016), people with mental health problems appear to be receiving better treatment from co-workers, partners, family and the community when looking for jobs. They have been receiving positive treatment, but there are some exceptions that O'Hara (2009) and Sane organization (2016) notes that are still prevalent such as when looking for work in the insurance, banking and the legal system. The research by O'Hara (2009) notes that there are some aspects on the attitudes of mental health that remain negative and the campaigners who are destined and tasked with changing the perception of people towards mental illness and health have given warnings that the negative attitudes are bound to persist especially with severe conditions such as schizophrenia. Caution should also be taken against the persistent of media links between mental illness and violence that foster negative stereotypes (O'Hara, 2009). In Australia, according to Sane.Org (2016) findings, the workers are fearful of disclosing their mental conditions as compared to those from the European nations. This is an indication of the role played by stigmatization towards mental health attitudes. RelationshipAustraria.Org, (2015), Sane.Org (2016) and O'Hara (2009) suggests that success in the reduction of discrimination against people living with mental health will be attained through instilling initiatives that are a nti-stigma, anti-discrimination with long-term and broad positive effects. The differences in mental health attitudes appear to be severe in communities where a society comprises different cultures, and there is a high value that is placed in conformity. Individuals who are mentally ill tend to deviate from the norm, and this will mean that in such societies there will be a tendency of having more negative attitudes compared to where there are common cultural values (Griffiths et al. 2010). From the comparison and contrast on the different attitudes of mental health in the two countries, several things can be deduced from mental health disorders. The common attitudes held are likely to cause the victims always to perceive the likelihood of discrimination in their society. The stigmatizing attitudes towards mental disorders victims have being on the decline throughout the country (University of Melbourne 2015). The perceived unpredictability and danger associated with suicidal thoughts, chronic and early schizophrenia have recorded an increase from studies conducted in Melbourne and throughout the country, but on the other hand, social distance has declined (University of Melbourne 2015). Because of the reduction of social distance, the study carried out in Melbourne indicates that there is a higher likelihood of individuals becoming more aware of other people who are suffering from mental health disorders. It also possible that the attitudes towards mental health arise from the generalization of the beliefs of the danger and violence associated with mental health disorders patients such as schizophrenia and thus the negative treatment they receive (Griffiths et al. 2010). Mental health first aid training amongst the Chinese in Melbourne's study show essentiality in that the training increases the participant's ability to recognize the various disorders, the altered beliefs on mental health and in turn a decrease in stigmatizing attitudes (Lam, Jorm and Wong 2010). Negative mental health attitudes are high in cases where the society has little of no mental health literacy. Expectations are that increased knowledge will reduce the levels of discrimination and stigmatization gradually. Another finding from this research is that persons with mental health disorders are likely to be avoided that to be discriminated against by friends and families (Sane.Org, 2016). This is a key highlight to the importance of social connections in all area of interactions such as educational institutions, workplaces, and other social environments. This shows the need for the society to support mental health victims to overcome anticipated discrimination in social environments and educate employers in the workplaces to support the reduction of stigma (University of Melbourne 2015). This can be done through anti-stigma campaigns to focus on eliminating negative attitudes. Australia has adopted several approaches to challenge stigma because it is the responsibility of all individuals to create a mentally healthy society that is in full support of social inclusion, support recovery and is active in the reduction of discrimination (Healthywa.wa.gov 2015). Some of the approaches that the society engages in are through learning and sharing facts related to mental illness and health, knowing people who have mental illnesses experiences, protesting when negative stereotypes and false beliefs are being portrayed by the media, family, friends concerning mental health and by offering support to people who are mentally and physically ill. New Zealand should also adopt approaches and programs that will enhance reduction of stigma and promote positive attitudes. To enhance positive mental health attitude, people should also treat mental health patients with dignity and respect and allow them free participation in social activities without any form of discriminatio n (Healthywa.wa.gov 2015). Conclusion From the studies and research conducted in Australia and New Zealand, awareness and training enhance effective recognition of mental health disorders and in turn, reduces the stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs to allow a positive approach to treatment. The similarity in the levels of stigma and discrimination shows the prevalence of the attitudes towards mental health. This is a representation of similar attitudes across the globe, and therefore widespread campaign should be facilitated to allow improvement in mental health literacy. To change the attitudes in the countries and surrounding, respect and participation is a key aspect where dignity and respect are accorded to people with mental health problems and in their participation in the different aspects of life to enrich the community life. Engagement of individuals suffering from mental health as advisory partners in mental health developments across all level will aid in recovery and changes in perceptions of mental health amo ngst people. Acknowledging diversity and quality of life by maintaining meaningful relationships has been undertaken to reduce stigma and discrimination towards people with mental health issues. Bibliography Lam, A.Y., Jorm, A.F. and Wong, D.F., 2010. Mental health first aid training for the Chinese community in Melbourne, Australia: effects on knowledge about and attitudes toward people with mental illness.International journal of mental health systems,4(1), p.18. This is an article which speaks about first aid training in case one has mental health issues in the Chinese community. that lives in Melbourne. It analyses the effects that mental health first aid training has on the knowledge and attitudes that the major population has towards those who suffer from mental health. Mrtensson, G., Jacobsson, J.W. and Engstrm, M., 2014. Mental health nursing staff's attitudes towards mental illness: an analysis of related factors.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing,21(9), pp.782-788. This article is an analysis of the kinds of attitudes that nurses have towards patients who are mentally ill. The attitude that a nurse has can have an impact on the type of service they offer to mentally ill patients. Other factors that lead the nurses to have such attitudes are further analysed. Healthywa.wa.gov.,2015. Stigma. Retrieved 04 14, 2018, from Government of Western Australia: Department of Health: https://healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/S_T/Stigma The article is written by the Government of Western Australia and looks at stigma related to mental health. Many patients with mental illness face stigma hence leading to late treatment as they feel like they are constantly judged by the society. Stigma has devastating effects as it aggravates the problems of mentally ill patients. Griffiths, K.M., Nakane, Y., Christensen, H., Yoshioka, K., Jorm, A.F. and Nakane, H., 2006. Stigma in response to mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan.BMC psychiatry,6(1), p.21. The article compares the types of stigma that mental patients undergo both in Australia and Japan. Different countries have different cultures hence the stigma faced by mental health patients varies. The way the population perceives mental health patients in Australia and Japan are totally different. Kazantzis, N., Wakefield, A., Deane, F.P., Ronan, K.R. and Johnson, M., 2009. Public Attitudes Toward People with Mental Illness in New Zealand, 19951996.The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling,15(2), pp.74-91. This article looks at how the New Zealand population views people with mental health. It does a research in 1995 and 1996 and how attitudes are during these years. It looks at the effect of attitudes on people with mental illness and the rates at which these people can come out and seek help. Mental Health Commission. ,2014. Governmen of Western Australia Mental Health Commission. St Georges Terrace: Mental Health Commission (https://www.mhc.wa.gov.au/media/1316/mhc-strategic-plan.pdf). This article gives an overview of various factors that affect mental health in Australia. It looks at the trends in the country and the various initiatives that the government has taken to resolve mental health issues. It also looks at steps that are being taken to assist those with mental issues and reduce the rates of people suffering from mental health. Nation, S. ,2017. Suicide and mental health: NZ's quiet crisis. Retrieved 04 15, 2018, from Stuff Nation: https://www.stuff.co.nz/stuff-nation/assignments/share-your-news-and-views/14884954/Suicide-and-mental-health-NZs-quiet-crisis The article looks at how mental health leads to higher suicide rates. It is done in New Zealand and speaks about how mental health patients are committing suicide due to the stigma and frustration associated with the same. Many patients are afraid of seeking help or speaking out and resort to committing suicide. Nordqvist, C. (2017, 08 24). What is mental health? Retrieved 04 14, 2018, from Medical News Today: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php This article gives a description of mental health and the symptoms that one should watch out for. Some people have mental health issues but are not aware of the symptoms hence ignore to seek help. It further looks at the effect of mental health on various aspects of life. O'Hara, M. ,2009, 06 12. Attitudes to mental illness 'changing for the better'. Retrieved 04 14, 2018, from The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2009/jun/12/mental- illness-health-attitudes This article explains how there are generally better attitudes by the population about mental health. Decades ago there were many stereotypes as pertains to mental health. With a lot of education, a lot of changes are being witnessed in the society and it is a positive direction. Peterson, D. ,2005. Families Attitudes and Mental Illness. Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand. The article looks at the perception of families on mental health. Families have a great impact on how a mentally ill patient will recover. Their support is vital in the journey of a mentally ill patient. Lac of family support is what escalates suicide rates among mentally ill patients. RelationshipAustraial.Org. ,2015. October 2015: Mental health stigma. Retrieved 04 14, 2018, from Relationship Australia: https://www.relationships.org.au/what-we- do/research/online-survey/october-2015-mental-health-stigma The article looks at the prevalence of stigma towards mental health. Mental health is an issue that has not been discussed in the open for a long time. It further looks at the effect of stigma on how mental health is handled among people. Kobau, R., Zack, M.M., Barile, J.P., Marshall, C., Bornemann, T., Otey, E.M., Davis, R.K., Garraza, L.G., Walrath, C., Manderscheid, R.W. and Palpant, R.G., 2012. Attitudes toward mental illness: Results from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. This looks at a study that was carried out by looking at the behavioral risk factor surveillance system to understand the attitudes that people have towards mental illness. It analyses the different reactions they have once they hear that one has a mental illness. Sane.Org. ,2016,. New research highlights discrimination experienced by people with mental health problems looking for work. Retrieved 04 14, 2018, from Sane Australia: https://www.sane.org/media-centre/media-releases-2016/1714-new-research-highlights-discrimination-experienced-by-people-with-mental-health-problems-looking-for-work The article looks at the difficulties those suffering from mental health undergo while they are for work. Employers prefer not to employ such people as they have stereotyped them. It gives advice on what should be done so that more people with mental illness are employed and how such people can be embraced in the society. University Of Melbourne. ,2015. National Surveys of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma and National Survey of Discrimination and Positive Treatment: A report for the Mental Health Commission of NSW. Mental Health Commission of NSW, Sydney. The study done by the University of Melbourne looks at the statistics surrounding mental health literacy and the stigma that faces those with mental illmess. It looks also at various initiatives intended in bringing positive treatment to mentally ill patients. It also look at the literacy levels of populations as regards mental health. World Health Organization. ,2015. Promoting Mental Health. The WHO looks at ways in which mental health can be promoted by educating people so that rate of stigma is reduced. It looks at initiatives that can be taken by health institutions and families so that mentally ill patients are at ease.

The effect of the global financial crisis on political and financial risks

Introduction The current global financial crisis is one of the worst financial crises in history. It has affected many businesses and individuals all over the world. Businesses have closed down and many people have lost their jobs. Uncertainty, political risk and financial risk have also increased (Global Economics Crisis Resource Center, 2009). The negative effects of the global financial crisis have been felt in most parts of the world i.e. in the advanced countries, the emerging markets and in the developing world (Yadav 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of the global financial crisis on political and financial risks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The global financial crisis According to Allen and Synder (2009), the global financial crisis is a disturbance in the economic environment which brings about a drastic drop in the value of assets, failure of financial institutions and a disruption o f the stock exchange (p.36). Business organizations begin to cut costs so as to avoid liquidation therefore the unemployment rate escalates. he purchasing power of many companies and households is reduced as prices of commodities soar. Interest rates, real estate, international investments and international business are also affected. The high cost of doing business in such an economic environment drives many companies to restructuring or closing down the company (p.37). Toporowski (2009) asserts that International business operations have particularly been affected by the global financial crisis because most target markets have cut expenses due to the crisis (p. 162). Therefore the political and financial risk associated with international business has increased. Multinational companies are unable to avoid the effects of the financial crisis and will have to succumb to the constraints in the markets that they operate in. However, different firms are affected to a varying extent dep ending on the markets that are targeted and where the finances are focused (Toporowski 2009)). The effect of the global financial crisis on the tourism industry in Australia As with most other industries, the tourism industry has been affected by the ongoing global financial crisis. The services sold can only be used on site therefore stable conditions are necessary. The tourism industry in Australia is at an all time low and this has increased the political and financial risks associated with the industry (Elks Roberts 2008). The Australian tourism industry depends heavily on international visitors therefore there are numerous challenges that are being faced due to the reduction in expenditure for luxury. Tourism globally has been exposed to increased political and financial risks due to the global recession.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Investment in the Australian tou rism sector is very low as most investors are delaying, reducing or even canceling investment ventures. Therefore there is reduced business from foreign investors. In addition, investors are also careful because the political atmosphere in Australia may become volatile due to the recent elections and the effect of the financial crisis (Geoff Carmody associates 2009). Political risks Political risk is the risk of financial, strategic or human loss due to political issues in a country. It is the likelihood that a business or investors will lose money or make less revenue than expected because of political decisions and events in a nation. Political risk that is most commonly experienced by the companies involved in international business is transfer risk which is a situation whereby it is not possible to send out currency from a country because of central bank restrictions (Hendrix 1991). From history, it is evident that economic instability usually creates political instability. For instance, there was a decrease in the political instability of many countries since the end of the cold war. This means that the financial crisis can bring about problems such as riots, violence and increased criminal activity. The increase in piracy activities at the Horn of Africa is has been largely attributed to the global financial crisis because of heightened poverty and costs of living. This situation could therefore worsen an already troubled economic situation. (Othieno 2008) There have already been several cases globally of social unrest which have been linked to the financial crisis. In Bulgaria, anti-government protests were held in a bid to push the government to bring reforms in the economic and social sectors. Vehicles were damaged, windows smashed and businesses affected by the riots that ensued. In Lithuania, protestors threw stones at parliament as they demanded that the government reduce its spending because of the economic crisis. One of the worst cases of civil unrest was in Madagascar where more than 100 people were killed when violence erupted during a demonstration. (Thinking Shift 2009) In light of this, the global financial crisis has increased the political risk that organizations engaging in international business and international direct investment face. Hendrix (1991) asserts that a stable and safe political environment is important for the success of International business. If the environment is not stable, there will be a drop in the tourism and foreign direct investment in the tourism industry.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of the global financial crisis on political and financial risks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Financial risk Financial risk in the international market has been transformed due to the global financial crisis. Problems that have arisen include inflation, intensified competition in the international market, uncertainty, cr isis in the financial markets and increased market volatility. Financial institutions and international business are finding it difficult to increase profits, cut costs and to deal with financial risk. According to Yadav (2008) financial risk encompasses other types of risk such as market risk, foreign exchange risk and credit risk (p. 40). Market risk is the possibility that a firm will loose money to a financial institution because of extreme price changes in the financial market. Foreign exchange risk is the possibility of financial loss due to changes in the money markets. Credit risk is due to non-payment by a borrower of the principal and interest according to the terms of agreement (Yadav 2008). Toporowski (2009) asserts that foreign direct investment is subdued because of risk aversion, reduction in financial leverage and scarcity of capital (p. 162). Many companies are holding on to liquid assets such as cash and marketable securities instead of investing. Cutting capital e xpenditure is likely to impact the economy in a negative way because it will reduce the opportunities for earning revenue. In addition, if investment is restricted, the net profit of the companies will be reduced (Toporowski 2009). The effect of the crisis on International trade The world economy has been largely affected by the global financial crisis. Risk and uncertainty are at a very high level. Therefore, the economic forecasts are likely to have substantial errors. The confidence of consumers and investors has been shaken since the financial problem began. In addition, the attitude of the important players in the economy is unlikely to improve since most expect the situation to get worse (Allen and Synder 2009) Difficulty raising capital Raising capital has become very difficult in the wake of the current financial crisis. The banks and financial institutions have become very careful about lending while investors are reluctant to invest in risky markets. There is a lot of comp etition for finance against other industries which are deemed more profitable. Therefore many businesses suffer from insufficient capital to invest and expand business. (Elks Roberts 2008). The inbound tourists to Australia are much fewer than in previous years. Local tourism has also been affected by the financial crisis as people struggle to meet their financial obligations. The number of tourists from within the country is much less than in previous years. This is very discouraging to investors and players in the industry thus affecting the availability of capital. (Tourism Australia 2008) Governments’ response to these risks In order to cope with the financial crisis, many countries have had to restrict the capital flow. This is primarily aimed at stabilizing the financial systems of the country (Toporowski 2009). According to the Global Economics Crisis Resource Center (2009), many countries have employed protectionism as a means of dealing with the financial problem.Ad vertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Protectionism is a situation whereby a country restrains trade activities with other countries (p. 21). The governments restrict imports of goods and services by imposing tariffs and quotas on imports. Governments also regulate the ownership of local companies by foreigners. By taking this measures a government will be able to protect is citizens and local businesses (Global Economics Crisis Resource Center 2009). Most governments have employed the traditional monetary tools such as reducing the interest rate and putting in place specific reserve requirements for the banks. Some countries began schemes which were aimed at rescuing banks and financial institutions that are in trouble. The activities under these schemes include purchasing unprofitable assets and offering credit (Burakovsky 2009). Burakovsky (2009), states that long-term plans to boost the economic situation have also been put in place so as to increase the demand of investments and consumption by households. Some coun tries plan to reduce tax for businesses and individuals in future. Research and development is being focused on investment opportunities and new technologies. Burakovsky (2009) points out that regional development is being considered as a means to increase economic development (p.81). Cooperation amongst countries is been sought to prevent such a crisis in future. International forums such as the G-7 and G-20 are useful in ensuring that there is international coordination so as to reform the financial systems (Burakovsky 2009) The international Monetary Fund has been offering financial assistance to countries that are in grave situations. They have provided emergency financial assistance in order to assist the countries to survive and to prevent an economic collapse of the nations. In addition, the IMF provides the advice to the affected governments as to how they can best curb the situation and come out of the financial problems. Managing risks and operations appropriately will ens ure that the companies in the Australian tourism industry endure the problems in the market. The governments and central banks of all the countries that have been affected by the crisis are taking unprecedented measures. The governments are giving a lot of support to the banks and financial institutions so as to stability the economy. In addition control measures have been put in place to monitor the economy (Burakovsky 2009). Uncertainty of government policies Although the interventions by governments are expected to yield positive results, there is uncertainty concerning the effectiveness of those policies in alleviating the problems faced due to the financial crisis. According to Carbaugh (2008), some policies adopted by government have negative effects (pg. 486). For instance, if the government decides to rescue banks that are in financial problems it is a moral hazard because there is no consequence faced for mistakes. Therefore investors may avoid such an environment. If the g overnment deals with a deficit by simply creating money, this will give rise to inflation. It is this issues which affect the credibility of government policies. (Carbaugh 2008) Conclusion Governments should work at reducing the problems faced by citizens and businesses in their country due to the economic crisis. It is important that businesses are offered support to reduce the closure of businesses due to financial problems. The governments should put in place policies that reduce political and financial risks so as to improve the business environment and attract foreign direct investment. However, policies with negative consequences such as protectionism should be avoided. References ABC News 2009, Financial crisis hits Australia zoo, Available from: http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/25/2526276.htm . Allen, R Synder, D 2009, ‘New thinking of the financial crisis’, Critical Perspectives on International Business, vol. 5, no. 2, pp 36-55. BBC 2008, Australia slashes interest rates, Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7656161.stm . Burakovsky, I 2009, ‘Coping with the effects of International financial crisis’, Problems of Economic Transition, vol. 51, no. 10, pp 78-96. Carbaugh, RJ 2008, International Economics, Ohio, Cengage Learning, 2008 Elks, S Roberts, G 2008, ‘Tourism fears a big hit from financial crisis’, The Australian, Available from: http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24743201-5013871,00.html . Geoff Carmody and Associates 2008, Tourism prospects as Wall Street crunches Main Street, http://www.tourism.wa.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Economic%20Crisis%20Report%20-%20Summary.pdf . Global Economic Crisis Resource Center 2009, Global Economic Crisis: Impact on Business, Cengage Learning, USA. Hendrix, S 1991, Political risk and international business, Available from: http://www.stevenhendrix.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/Wisc_Intl_Trade_-_Political_Risk.103143045.pdf . Othieno, T 2009, The global financial crisis: risks for fragile states in Africa, Available from: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/3064.pdf . Thinking Shift 2009, Global pandemic of unrest, Available from: http://thinkingshift.wordpress.com/2009/04/20/global-pandemic-of-unrest/ . Toporowski, J 2009, ‘International business and the crisis’, Critical Perspectives on International Business, vol. 5, no. 1, pp 162-164. Tourism Australia 2008, Tourism Australia global market monitor, Available from: http://www.tourism.australia.com/content/Global_Market_Monitor/GlobalMarketMonitorShortDecember08.pdf . Yadav, V 2008, Risk in international finance, New York, Routledge. 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